FertilNMN – support for NAD+ dependent processes

Literature Review
With age, stress and environmental factors, the function of granulosa cells that form the follicular environment is disrupted.
This leads to impaired oocyte trophism, accompanied by accumulation of DNA damage and chronic inflammation, and reduced resistance to oxidative stress.
One of the key regulators of these processes is the NAD⁺ molecule, which provides cellular repair, DNA damage control, and maintenance of follicular functional stability.

NAD⁺ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a universal molecule essential for many biochemical reactions in the cell, primarily for maintaining the activity of PARP and SIRT systems, which are involved in DNA repair, anti-inflammatory action, and antioxidant protection.

DNA Repair
PARP (Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases): groups of enzymes that are activated in response to DNA damage in granulosa cells and initiate the DNA repair process.
With insufficient NAD⁺ levels, the activity of this system will be inadequate, increasing the risk of granulosa cell apoptosis and thus halting oocyte development.

Anti-inflammatory Action
SIRT1,3,6 (sirtuins 1,3,6): a group of enzymes that control the activity of inflammatory mediators.
With NAD⁺ deficiency, sirtuin activity decreases, leading to increased inflammation and senescence* in follicular cells.
* Cellular senescence is a state in which the cell no longer divides but remains metabolically active.

Antioxidant Protection
SIRT1,2,3 (sirtuins 1,2,3): activators of enzymes responsible for the cell’s own antioxidant systems.
With insufficient NAD⁺ levels, sirtuin activity decreases, leading to increased oxidative stress in follicular cells.